According to the Scriptures"Moreover, brethren, I declare unto you the gospel... By which also ye are saved... unless ye have believed in vain. For I delivered unto you first of all that which I also received, how that Christ died for our sins according to the scriptures; And that he was buried, and that he rose again the third day according to the scriptures" (1 Corinthians 15:1-4)


Does the Fossil Record Prove Evolution?
By Noel Chartier


Evolution for the most part is based on one's interpretation of sedimentary strata and the fossils found therein. Those who believe in Evolution appear to be convinced that the fossils found in rock layers all over the earth are the definite proof that creatures have been evolving upward into higher life forms over hundreds of millions of years. Evolutionists declare this process has been taking place through "natural selection" and "mutation", which leaves behind in its wake, the old models, so to say, which are replaced by higher forms of life.

Evolutionary Tree Although Evolution cannot be seen happening today, this they say can be observed in the fossil record. "Survival of the Fittest" is the catch word to explain this alleged process throughout the ages and those creatures that could not adapt died out, producing no offspring and became extinct. On the other hand, the "strong" kept getting stronger, producing new and improved offspring adapting to their environment by arbitrarily changing its own function and form over eons of time..

But, if this hypothesis were indeed true, we would expect to find within the fossil record millions of specimens that have slowly changed from bacteria to algae to invertebrates to fish to amphibians to reptiles to birds and mammals and finally to man as shown in the Darwinian Tree.

However, when we examine the Evolutionary Tree we find that all of these species (or their counterparts) for the most part, are living today. So what really do we see in the fossil record? When we go to a museum of “natural history”, we primarily find only fossils of extinct creatures. This of course gives the impression (especially with the commentary supplied) that things have been changing for the better over long periods of time, and that all creatures found in the fossil record are very old, outdated and extinct creatures that have long ago ceased to exist.

But, if we were to see the whole of the fossil record, and we were not influenced from years of evolutionary training in the science class, and bombarded with evolutionary biased programs, journals and magazines etc, and if we were to go out into the field and examine the evidence for ourselves, I think we would come up with a totally different conclusion. So what we need to do, as the Bible instructs us to do, is to “Prove all things” (1 Thessalonians 5:21).

There really are only two world views that exist today that propose where all things originated from, that is, supernatural Creation by the Almighty God, and Evolution, which purports that “the entire visible universe grew from a speck far smaller than a proton” (TIME, June 25, 2001, How the Universe Will End, p. 39), that exploded (“Big Bang”) 15 billion years ago.

In this article it is our hope that the readers will find that the mindless processes that are alleged to take place in and through Evolution are nothing more than a fantasy that has been thought out by men (and inspired by the devil) who have rejected the Bible and the one and only true God of Creation.

Fossil Facts

What we would first like to display for the discerning mind is what can really be observed in the fossil record, which is subtly hidden from the unsuspecting onlooker in the museums of natural history around the world. The conclusion that many are coming to when challenged with the alternate view to the long ages of Evolution is that the fossil record proves sudden appearance, which must be accomplished by a divine act of Creation.

When we observe the fossil record we will see only two pieces of evidence with which to make a rational and logical conclusion:

1. Fossils of extinct creatures and,
2. Fossils of creatures that are still living today.

From this observable evidence it can easily be seen that ALL the creatures still living today have not changed after “millions of years”. They have somehow mysteriously forgotten to evolve and look identical to their fossil counterpart.

Natural History museums spend very little space in their exhibits to let the onlooker understand that there are hundreds of fossilized creatures that are assumed to be hundreds of millions of years old that are actually living today, and they have not changed.

Another thing that is strangely missing from these displays are all the intermediate creatures that should exist (if Evolution is true) between invertebrates and vertebrates, fish and amphibians, the amphibians and reptiles, reptiles and the birds and mammals, and of course, monkeys and man.

In the gaps between all these taxonomies, should we not see thousands of intermediate creatures that have gradually changed from one species into another as Evolution claims? We should find ample evidence of transitionary fossils, but mysteriously it is absent in the evolutionary presentations.

One Evolutionist has thoughtfully asked, “Why is all the gradual change going on in those very gaps?” There is nothing found in between all the living kinds linking one species to another so they are most suitably called “Missing Links”, for the simple reason that they do not exist.

Even the most elite Evolutions have been baffled by the lack of transitionary fossils. Stephen Jay Gould of Harvard pointed out that “The fossil record with its abrupt transitions offers no support for gradual change ... All paleontologists know that the fossil record contains precious little in the way of intermediate forms; transitions between major groups are characteristically abrupt” (Gould, 1977).

Dr T. S. Kemp, Curator of Zoological collections of Oxford University said, “With few exceptions, radically new kinds of organisms appear for the first time in the fossil record already fully evolved, with most of their characteristic features present” (Kemp, 1999).

In all reality, the true evidence that exists in the fossil record is one of abrupt or the sudden appearance of fully formed and fully functional creatures. The evidence clearly points to the Creation model of all things whereby God said, “let there be …” and there was. “For in six days the LORD made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that in them is” (Exodus 20:11). “By the word of the LORD were the heavens made; and all the host of them by the breath of his mouth” (Psalm 33:6).

Furthermore, Evolution starts with dead matter, and dead matter has never been observed coming to life. In the world today we see that all life MUST come from life.

Living Fossils

Bats



It is amazing that fossil bats said to be millions of years old look the same today. Or is it amazing? Perhaps bats have always been bats.

Coelacanth



The Coelacanth was a creature presumed by the scientific body before 1953 to have been extinct for 75 million years and purported to be as old as 450 million years. Evolutionary scientists used the coelacanth fossils as evidence to support their theory that fish evolved into amphibians. It was hailed as one of the great missing links, which was well on it's way to becoming an amphibian, that is, until one was caught off the coast of Madagascar in the Indian Ocean. Surprisingly it looked the same as it's alleged 75 million year old fossilized ancestor. It was found to be a fully functional fish type creature that forgot to evolve.

At the Royal Tyrell Museum in Alberta Canada they still use this same philosophy to “prove” Evolution with models of fish in the water and then an Amphibian on dry land with his tail in the water. I pointed out to the curator that all I saw in their display was a fish (which exist today) and an amphibian (which exists today), one in the water, one on dry land. I saw no evolution happening in their display. What was missing were all the transitional creatures that are supposed to be in between but have not been found after centuries of digging. Perhaps they do not exist. The curator humbly agreed that this was a poor representation.

Crab



The crab is another species that has not changed one iota over "millions of years".

Shrimp: Supposedly 220 million years old.



Lobster



Dragonfly



Horseshoe Crab



Jelly Fish



Nautilus



Sea Horse



Mosquito



Fern



Wollemi Pine



When a stand of Wollemi Pines was found in an isolated area in Australia in 1994, the discovery was hailed as "the equivalent of finding a small dinosaur still alive on Earth". The Wollemi Pine has been thought to be extinct for millions of years, but when one is found, alas, it looks exactly like its predecessor.

Trilobite











A trilobite is a marine anthropod that most believe has become extinct. There are many different varieties that range in size from about a quarter of an inch, up to 2 feet in diameter. While trilobites are said to be extinct for over 100 million years, there are certainly some living creatures that could pass for them today. In fact, there has been found fossil trilobites and footprints of a human in the same piece of rock proving that they co-existed with man as the Biblical record indicates. According to Evolution man is supposed to be 99 million years younger than trilobites.

Tadpole Shrimp



Snails



We got the fossil of these snails from Rene's Rock and Fossil Shop in British Columbia, Canada. The shops proprietor said these snails were 65 million years old. Back home in our ditch we have the same snails and they are living.

Turtle



Salamander



The Tuatara (Sphenodon punctatus)



Crocodile (200 million years old)




Snakes



Frogs



Sand Dollars


Here is a fossil sand dollar from Baja California, the skeleton of a sand dollar from the Gulf of Mexico, and two living specimens also from the Gulf of Mexico. Once again, we fail to see evolution in action.

Chicken


One theory believes that dinosaurs or lizards have evolved into chickens but both are found in the fossil record. We also find many other birds with fully formed feathers, even the famed Archaeopteryx which is claimed by some to be an intermediary between birds and lizards. However, the Archaeopteryx is a fully functional bird with fully formed aerodynamic wings and feathers. That is quite a leap from a lizard.

Giant Penguin (Icadyptes salasi)


A complete skeleton of a giant penguin was recently found in the tropics of Peru that is said to be 36 million years old. The skull is here compared to the skull of the only penguin living in Peru today along with an artists rendition of this 5 foot tall creature. There are no fewer than 17 species of penguins living today and scientists recognize approximately 32 species that have become extinct. Evolutionists claim that penguins probably evolved from flying birds 40 million years ago but the evidence supports the fact that penguins have always been penguins, although many species within the penguin "kind" have become extinct.

Humans

Fossilized human bones (Homo sapiens sapiens) from the Qafzeh cave site in Nazareth, Israel.

This fossil known as Gimaldi Man was found in Italy near Ventimiglia.

This fossilized skelleton was found in a cave at Villabruna Italy.

This fossilized human was found near Lake Mungo in Australia.

Here is the challenge to those who believe that the fossil record proves Evolution. If every fossil whose counterpart is still living, has not changed in “millions of years”, why should we believe that the fossils whose species are now extinct have changed from a lower life form prior to their becoming extinct?

If hundreds of “living fossils” have not changed, why should we believe that the extinct creatures did change, especially when the fossil record is void of any intermediate fossils between the species they are alleged to have changed into? I believe it is simply this, people believe it because this is what they are told all their lives without sincerely examining the evidence for themselves. “Prove all things” (2Thessalonians 5:21).

How do creatures become extinct?

If the “present is the key to the past” as evolutionist are so keen to assert, then we must look at how creatures today become extinct. It usually boils down to just a few reasons such as climatic changes, introduction of natural predators, the destruction of habitat, natural disasters, disease, or usually, they were hunted into extinction.

The current theory, at least for the extinction of many of the reptilian creatures (dinosaurs), is that a meteorite hit the earth 65 million years ago causing the earth to undergo great climatic changes that the dinosaurs could not survive. But, this is hard to believe since there are hundreds of different reptilian types that are still alive and well today.

In our present day there are many animals on the endangered species list and others only exist in captivity. But the sad fact is that extinctions are continuing today. We could list hundreds of creatures that have recently become extinct, but here are a few:

Carolina Parakeet The Carolina Parakeet was a creature that used to thrive in the southeastern United States. But when this bird developed a liking for the seeds of many kinds of fruit and grain crops, it was then deemed a pest sealing its fate to wholesale annihilation. Deforestation for agricultural purposes further reduced its habitat. The last of these birds was seen in the 1920's in Florida where its final stand of forest was located.


Bali Tiger Bali is a small island that used to be home to the Bali Tiger but Human activity, agriculture (coffee and coconut cultivation), collection of firewood, increasing tourism and uncontrolled hunting for sport pushed the tiger into smaller and smaller regions until the last known Bali Tiger was shot and killed on the 27th of September 1937; this was an adult tigress.


Dodo Bird The famous Dodo Bird inhabited the island of Mauritius in the Indian Ocean, where it lived undisturbed before the arrival of man. It lived and nested on the ground and ate fruits that had fallen from trees. There were no mammals on the island and a high diversity of bird species lived in the dense forests.

In 1505, the Portuguese became the first humans to set foot on Mauritius. The island quickly became a stopover for ships engaged in the spice trade. Weighing up to 50 pounds, the dodo was a welcome source of fresh meat for the sailors so large numbers of dodos were killed for food.

Later, when the Dutch used the island as a penal colony. Pigs and monkeys were brought to the island along with the convicts. Many of the ships that came to Mauritius also had uninvited rats aboard, and some found their way onto the island. Before humans and other mammals arrived, the dodo had little to fear from predators. The rats, pigs and monkeys made short work of vulnerable dodo eggs in the ground nests.

The combination of human exploitation and introduced species significantly reduced dodo populations. Within 100 years of the arrival of humans on Mauritius, the once abundant dodo was a rare bird. The last one was killed in 1681.


Great Auk The Great Auk was the last flightless seabird of the Northern Hemisphere, inhabiting the boreal and low-Arctic regions of the North Atlantic. Large body size made the Great Auk especially susceptible to human overexploitation for food, fat, bait, and feathers. Ultimate extinction was caused by the collection of specimens for museums and private collectors; on Eldey Island, Iceland, in 1844, the last 2 confirmed adults were killed for European collectors.


Laughing Owl The Laughing Owl was once common to New Zealand, but is probably now extinct. European settlers first arrived in New Zealand in 1840, when the laughing owl was plentiful. Specimens of the laughing owl were sent to the British Museum where reports on them were published in 1845.

By 1880, they were becoming rare, and the last specimen recorded was found dead at Blue Cliffs in Canterbury in 1914. There have been unconfirmed reports of laughing owls since then, but no specimens.  Extinction was caused by persecution, land use changes and the introduction of predators such as cats and dogs.


Giant Moa There were Moa living in New Zealand when the Maori people arrived but it is believed that the moa was totally extinct in 1769 when Captain Cook landed in New Zealand. Some land was cleared by the Maori, which would have reduced its habitat. But the main reason the moa became extinct was hunting.

There were 11 different species. The giant moa was one of the biggest birds ever known in the world, taller than three meters and weighing in at about 250 kilograms. However there were smaller moa. The smallest moa species was a bit bigger than a turkey, about half a meter tall. There are many other extinct New Zealand birds - rails, adzebill, wrens, eagle, etc.


Passenger Pigeon The Passenger Pigeon was estimated to be numbering in the billions in the early 1800's. In 1810 the famous ornithologist Alexander Wilson described a flock that “darkened the sky” – it was several miles across and took hours to pass overhead. He calculated the size of the flock --- using the time it took to pass over, its width, and the number of birds passing over per minute – and estimated there were over two billion birds in this one flock. But by the early 1900's they were hunted (for food) to extinction by man. A monument to the passenger pigeon, in the Wisconsin's Wyalusing State Park declares: “This species became extinct through the avarice and thoughtlessness of man.” The passenger pigeon officially became extinct when the last known representative died on September 1, 1914 in the Cincinnati Zoo.


Quagga The Quagga ( Equus quagga ) is a recently extinct mammal. Some believe that the quagga is closely related to horses and zebras. It was a yellowish-brown zebra with stripes only on its head, neck and fore body. The quagga was native to the desert areas of Africa until it was exterminated in the wild in the 1870s. The quagga went extinct because South African farmers hunted it down for meat and leather. The settlers also saw them as competitors for their livestock, mainly sheep and goats. The last captive quagga's died in Europe in the 1880s.


Tamainian Wolf The Tasmanian wolf was found only on the southwestern side of the island of Tasmania in recent history. The fossil record shows that it was found in New Guinea and Australia as recently as 3,000 years ago. The Tasmanian Wolf was thought to be a livestock killer. This was never substantiated, but because of this misconception the wolf was hunted (by the private sector and the government) from 1840-1909 for bounty. The Tasmanian Wolf is now thought to be extinct when the last know living specimen died in a Hobart, Tasmanian zoo in 1936. The main factors leading to the demise of this species were over hunting, habitat destruction, disease, and competition with domesticated dogs.


Toolache Wallaby Toolache wallabies were native to a small area in South-eastern Australia. Hunting by man was probably the main cause of extinction. They had a very beautiful pelt that was in great demand. This species was also a favorite prey for dog-hunts, because of its combination of high speed and unpredictable jumps. A second factor in the extermination of the Toolache wallaby may have been the introduction of the fox, which preyed on the young wallabies. The last member of this species may have been a captive female that survived till at least 1927.


Heath Hen The Heath Hen , a small wild fowl, was a relative of the prairie chicken. It was once considered quite tasty and was rather easy to kill. Prior to the American Revolution, the heath hen was found in the eastern United States from Maine to Virginia. Expanding human populations in the colonies put an intolerable hunting pressure on the heath hen populations, noticeably lowering the heath hen populations by the time of the Revolutionary War. In 1830 the heath hen's steep decline garnered the attention of naturalist John Audubon (founder of The Audubon Society), but it continued unabated. By the 1870s the only heath hens left, occupied a tiny island called Martha's Vineyard off the coast of Cape Cod in Massachusetts. In 1907 there were only 50 heath hens left on Martha's Vineyard. The following year a 1600-acre sanctuary was established for their protection.

Protection at the sanctuary seemed to be successful. The original 50 protected birds reproduced rapidly and there were 2,000 individuals by 1915. The entire heath hen population, however, was still confined to Martha's Vineyard. Then disaster struck. In 1916 a fire wiped out much of the habitat that heath hens used for breeding. The following winter was unusually harsh, and an influx of goshawks, a predatory bird that fed on the heath hens, hurt the population even more. Finally, many of the remaining heath hens fell victim to a poultry disease brought to the island by domestic turkeys. There were only 13 heath hens left by 1927 and most of these were males. The last living heath hen, the final survivor of his species, was seen on March 11, 1932.

Jamaican Giant Galliwasp The Jamaican Giant Galliwasp was a reptile with a length of about 30 centimeters. Its color was described as pale brown, clouded with somewhat irregular bands of a deeper tinge. It was said to occasionally change into a lively golden yellow. These lizards lived in woody and marshy districts and fed on fish and fruit. The last of the Jamaican Giant Galliwasps probably survived in the Hellshire Hills, a mongoose-free area on the island of Jamaica. The last Jamaican Giant Galliwasp was recorded in 1840. The probable cause of extinction was the introduction of mongooses by humans.


Steller's Sea Cow At one time, the Steller's Sea Cow was found in the cold waters of the Bering Sea, but it was hunted to extinction within 27 years of its discovery in 1741. The largest sirenian on record, the Steller's sea cow grew up to nine meters (30 feet) in length and weighed around four metric tons (approximately 4.4 tons).


To conclude this section we would like to reemphasize that extinction is still going on today as it has from the beginning when sin and death entered the world. The Bible tells us “by man came death” (1 Corinthians 15:21), and since man decided to go his own way, transgressing the commandment of God, death and pain and suffering were introduced into what was initially God's “very good” creation. We have seen from the above examples that the introduction of natural predators, the destruction of their habitat, natural disasters, disease, and primarily, hunting for food, sport or pest control was the cause of their extinction. We must therefore conclude that this is how creatures have been going extinct since sin entered the world and that death was nonexistent before man sinned.

How are fossils formed?

The current idea as to how fossils have been formed is found within many evolutionary publications. In the book “Dinosaurs” (Fog City Press 2002), edited by Dr. Paul Willis, it states, “Most fossils … result from the burial of an organism's remains in the sediments of a river, lake, or sea.”

For illustration purposes, they place a large land dwelling creature called a Camptosaurus below the surface of a lake safe from large scavengers.

Next we are told, the flesh decays leaving the bones, then “Over a long period of time, layers of sand or silt accumulate over the dinosaur's bones.” The belief is that the bones will lie on the bottom of the lake for a “long period of time” slowly accumulating layers of silt before it is finally covered and then fossilized.

This process is what Evolutionists call Uniformitarianism whereby they believe that layers of silt and sand are laid down slowly and uniformly over long periods of time covering all the creatures that have died. Encyclopedia Britannica states, “the principle of uniformity postulates that phenomena displayed in the rocks may be entirely accounted for by geologic processes which continue to operate at the present day—in other words, the present is the key to the past.”

Since we do not see great layers of strata being formed rapidly today, evolutionists theorize that the great layers of fossil bearing rock (up to 15 miles deep in some places) that are observed in the earth today (such as in the Grand Canyon) must have been laid down over millions of years.

But, if the theory proposed in the book “Dinosaurs” is true, should we not be able to see creatures on the bottoms of lakes and rivers today waiting to get covered with silt over long periods of time? This we do not see! Even under water, there are small microbes and other creatures that will eat away at the bones. As well, water contains oxygen that promotes decay.

Unless the creatures are rapidly covered with sediment, natural decay or a welcome meal for all kinds of hungry creatures would be the resulting “natural process” affecting any creatures left open to the elements.

When the Titanic sank in 1912 over 1000 bodies were not recovered. When the Titanic was found and explored after 70 years, the expedition failed to produce one bone from any of the deceased. They all disintegrated with no remains to be found other than the boots and other accessories of their owners.

In the “Royal Tyrell Museum” in Alberta Canada, they have a display representing their theory as to how fish are fossilized. They state,
“When they died, they sank to the bottom where they were buried in the mud.”
We would like to point out, that in reality this does not happen. If you have ever been out fishing perhaps you have seen a dead fish. Did you see it on the bottom? Of course not, dead fish usually float! And how long after that did it take before a pelican or seagull came along and had a free meal?

By chance, if the fish did sink, would he lay on the bottom of the lake for millions of years waiting to be covered with mud? Of course not! There are scavengers such as crabs and crayfish and other bottom feeders along with micro organisms that would make short work of cleaning up any debris left on the bottom.

How then are fossils formed and preserved? It is interesting that Evolutionists place “most fossils” under some watery deluge in order to preserve their remains, but unless they are buried RAPIDLY to trap out all oxygen and scavengers that would eat away at the bones, there is no chance of ever forming a fossil.

If the majority of evolutionists are in agreement that “most fossils” were made when they were laid down in some watery deluge, why will they not accept the possibility that the fossil beds all over the world are perhaps the result of sediments that were rapidly precipitated during one great worldwide catastrophic flood (Noah's Flood)? Well, in these last days, the Bible, even among the religious has been set aside and not seriously read or believed.

Paul said in the last days men would have “a form of godliness, but denying the power thereof” (2Timothy 3:5). They would become apostate denying the supernatural aspects of Creation, of miracles, the virgin birth, and the worldwide flood.

If we would turn the question around and ask, if the flood of Noah were true, what do you think would be the result of such a worldwide upheaval, and what would be the evidence that we might see left behind in the earth today?

Should we not find billions of dead things laid down in rock layers all over the earth? The fact is that the fossils' very existence requires rapid, permanent burial of any organism before decay and scavengers can destroy them. We believe that the strata seen in rock layers all over the earth are not the result of millions of years of uniform deposition, but rather, the resulting sedimentary layers that precipitated out of the floodwaters of Noah.

Judgment of the Wicked

God had pronounced judgment on the world of the ungodly. “God saw that the wickedness of man was great in the earth, and that every imagination of the thoughts of his heart was only evil continually … The earth also was corrupt before God, and the earth was filled with violence. And God looked upon the earth, and, behold, it was corrupt; for all flesh had corrupted his way upon the earth” (Genesis 6:5, 10-12).

The only solution for the survival of mankind was to “destroy them with the earth” (v. 13) and start over. There was yet one family remaining whom Satan had not corrupted, that was Noah and his family. “By faith Noah, being warned of God of things not seen as yet, moved with fear, prepared an ark to the saving of his house; by the which he condemned the world, and became heir of the righteousness which is by faith” (Hebrews 11:7).

“And the LORD said, I will destroy man whom I have created from the face of the earth; both man, and beast, and the creeping thing, and the fowls of the air; for it repenteth me that I have made them” (v. 7). And God said “behold, I, even I, do bring a flood of waters upon the earth, to destroy all flesh, wherein is the breath of life, from under heaven; and every thing that is in the earth shall die” (v. 17).

This was no local flood for “all the high hills, that were under the whole heaven, were covered. Fifteen cubits upward did the waters prevail; and the mountains were covered. And all flesh died that moved upon the earth, both of fowl, and of cattle, and of beast, and of every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth, and every man: All in whose nostrils was the breath of life, of all that was in the dry land, died. And every living substance was destroyed which was upon the face of the ground, both man, and cattle, and the creeping things, and the fowl of the heaven; and they were destroyed from the earth: and Noah only remained alive, and they that were with him in the ark” (Genesis 7:19-23).

This was a catastrophe that was greater than any person today could possibly imagine, for a great upheaval of that magnitude was never again repeated in history. God said “neither shall all flesh be cut off any more by the waters of a flood; neither shall there any more be a flood to destroy the earth” (Genesis 9:11). This proves the flood of Noah was not just a local flood for there have been many local floods since that time. And God set the rainbow in the sky as a reminder of His promise that the waters should never cover the whole face of the earth again.

“Fear ye not me? saith the LORD: will ye not tremble at my presence, which have placed the sand for the bound of the sea by a perpetual decree, that it cannot pass it: and though the waves thereof toss themselves, yet can they not prevail; though they roar, yet can they not pass over it?” (Jeremiah 5:22) “He hath compassed the waters with bounds, until the day and night come to an end” (Job 26:10).

After Noah's family (eight persons) and two of every creature (even the dinosaurs) were safely in the ark, then “were all the fountains of the great deep broken up, and the windows of heaven were opened” (Genesis 7:11). Isaiah looking back said, “for the windows from on high are open, and the foundations of the earth do shake. The earth is utterly broken down, the earth is clean dissolved, the earth is moved exceedingly” (Isaiah 24:18-19).

The great slurry of hydraulic and geologic activity covered all the high hills under the whole of heaven and every living thing that was on the dry land died. Peter said, “the world that then was, being overflowed with water, perished” (2Peter 3:6), and Jesus confirmed this saying “the flood came, and destroyed them all” (Luke 17:27, Matthew 24:39).

Undoubtedly this would have caused great upheavals and much sedimentary deposition reconfiguring the face of the earth from any likeness it had before the flood. Peter described it as “the world that then was”. It “then was” but no longer exists. The Psalmist said when the floodwaters arose, the mountains did “shake” and were “carried into the midst of the seas” (Psalm 46:2-3). Job said that the waters “overturned the earth” (Job 12:15).

Where did the Water Go?

Some have questioned the possibility of a worldwide flood by asking, where then did all the water go? That's a good question and surely needs to be answered, but first of all we should ask, where did all the water come from? The Bible indicates that the flood had two sources, the great water cisterns of the deep and the atmosphere above.

Atmosphere In the beginning, on day one of the creation week, God created the heavens and the earth (time, space and matter), and the earth was without form and void. The earth at this time consisted of the elements and water (building blocks)(Genesis 1:2). Then on day two God divided the waters and made a space or an expanse between the waters above and the waters below (Genesis 1:6-8). On day three God caused dry land to appear out of the waters beneath the atmosphere and He called the dry land Earth (Genesis 1:9-13).

Before the flood then, there was a great body of water above the atmosphere. Now if all this water was precipitated from above the atmosphere during the great flood, where is that water today? The Bible tells us the waters are primarily now in the oceans which are up to 6 miles deep. The surface area of the world today consists of 70% water, and if the mountains were pushed into the oceans, it is not hard to see how this world could be covered in as much as 2 miles of water.

“Who laid the foundations of the earth, that it should not be removed for ever.  Thou coveredst it with the deep as with a garment: the waters stood above the mountains.  At thy rebuke they fled; at the voice of thy thunder they hasted away.  They go up by the mountains; they go down by the valleys unto the place which thou hast founded for them . Thou hast set a bound that they may not pass over; that they turn not again to cover the earth” (Psalm 104:5-9).



When we look at the strata in the mountains today, (which are full of fossils), they have the appearance of being uplifted with the lines of strata presented at vertical angles. It is not hard to imagine when the mountains were lifted up, the water runoff would have caused great valleys and canyons to be cut out all over the earth revealing the strata that was precipitated out of the floodwaters of Noah along with all the creatures buried therein. Where canyons are cut out, the layers of strata tend to be in a more horizontal arrangement such as in the Grand Canyon.

The evolutionary hypothesis as to how canyons are cut denies the Biblical account of a young earth. Evolutionists have determined that not only were the layers laid down over long ages, but that the canyons were also cut out by slow meandering rivers over millions of years.

When an evolutionist looks at these amazing pictures he is trained to think in the order of millions of years. But when a Bible believing Christian looks at the same pictures he sees the result of God's judgment that quickly overcame the world of the ungodly.


How then, do evolutionists come up with millions of years?

If you have ever been to a rock and fossil shop, you will find dates affixed to their fossils in the millions of years. But is this true? The Bible tells us to “prove all things”. Can they prove these great ages? According to Biblical chronology, the earth is only around 6000 years old. If you ask the owners of the fossil shops how they got these dates, the answer you are most certain to get is “carbon dating”.
Here is a brief summary on how Carbon Dating works:
This method measures the ratio of C-14 and C-12 in a creature after it has died.
C-12 is stable and does not decay but C-14 decays into N-14.
C-14 is constantly being produced and constantly decaying in the atmosphere.
Living creatures take in Carbon in the form of C-14 and C-12 by breathing and by eating.
When a creature dies, it no longer takes in any Carbon.
Half of the amount of C-14 decays in 5730 years. In another 5730 years, half of the balance is depleted and so on until there is no C-14 left.
At this rate of decay, it is obvious that within about 10 half lives there will be no C-14 left.
From the above data, it can be clearly seen that this method cannot date anything more than about 50-60,000 years. It should also be noted that this method cannot be used to date rocks because rocks do not take in carbon (C-12 & C-14). Furthermore, when this method is used, it is assumed that the C-14 and C-12 in the atmosphere are now in equilibrium, that is, the ratio of C-12 to C-14 is not changing and is now stable.

Therefore, when a creature takes in carbon in the form of C-12 and C-14, the ratio of C-12 and C-14 within the creature would be the same ratio as the atmosphere when it dies. But, if the ratio of C-12 to C-14 has not yet reached equilibrium, creatures that died a thousand years ago would have a different ratio when they died compared with creatures that died today throwing off the reliability of this method.

Dr. William Libby, the inventor of Carbon-14 dating, assumed that the ratios of C-14 and C-12 in the atmosphere were in equilibrium. He realized that for the test to work these needed to be in equilibrium. But “He found a considerable discrepancy in his measurements indicating that, apparently, radiocarbon was being created in the atmosphere somewhere around 25 percent faster than it was becoming extinct. Since this result was inexplicable by any conventional scientific means, Libby put the discrepancy down to experimental error.” (Richard Milton, Shattering the myths of Darwinism, 1997. 0. 32, W.F. Libby. Radiocarbon Dating. 1955.)

But were these alleged discrepancies due to error? It was admitted that “for the test to work properly: the standard mix of radiocarbon to ordinary carbon in the terrestrial reservoir must always have been the same” (Richard Milton, Shattering the Myths of Darwinism . 1997, pg. 31), but to the contrary, it was found that C-14 was still building up in the atmosphere faster than it was decaying.

“During the 1960's, Libby's experiments were repeated by chemists… The new experiments, though, revealed that the discrepancy observed by Libby was not merely an experimental error—it did exist.” (Richard Milton, Shattering the Myths of Darwinism. 1997, pg. 31)

“There is strong indication, despite the large errors, that the present natural production rate exceeds the natural decay rate by as much as 25%” (Lingenfelter, Richard E., “Production of Carbon-14 by Cosmic Ray Neutrons,” Reviews of Geophysics , vol. 1, no. 1 (February 1963), p. 51.)

“The reliability of the carbon-14 dating method is dependent on a balance (steady state) between the amount of C-14 being produced in the atmosphere and the amount of C-14 decay over a period of time. This balance has been shown to be FALSE.” (Mike Riddle. Carbon Dating)
Evolutionists assume that the production and decay rate of C-14 is in equilibrium because they believe the earth is billions of years old. Equilibrium would have been achieved after only 60,000 years. But, if in fact, the amount of C-14 in the atmosphere were still building up faster than it is decaying, it would indicate that the earth's atmosphere is not even 60,000 years old because equilibrium has not yet been achieved. What had initially been set out to prove an old earth, resulted in just the opposite. “Surely the wrath of man shall praise thee” (Psalms 76:10).

Another assumption that is used is that the C-12 has been the same in the atmosphere for long ages. What they have failed to take into consideration is the influx of Carbon Dioxide into the atmosphere with the industrial revolution, atomic weapons testing, and the eruption of volcanoes, all of which would dump tons of C-12 into the atmosphere.

For more information on carbon dating see: MYTHS REGARDING RADIOCARBON DATING

How about Dating the Rocks?

The common perception today is that the earth is 4.6 billion years old and that radioisotope dating is the method that gives us these great ages. But again, we would have to ask, are there any assumptions used in these dating methods as we have found in the Carbon Dating Method?

There are several of these methods that operate by measuring the parent and daughter isotopes. In this method (as well as all others), the unstable parent isotope (which has a given half life) decays into the stable daughter isotope and the ratio of the two is used to determine the age. This is known as radioactive decay. Uranium-Lead, Potassium-Argon, and Strontium-Rubidium are but a few of these dating methods, but Potassium-Argon is by far the most common.

The theory behind this method begins when lava cools forming an igneous rock. This is when the radiometric “clock” starts. When the lava is in a molten state it can readily give off argon gas. But when it cools off, no more argon can be dissipated and the argon begins to build up within the rock as the potassium decays. It is alleged that half of the Potassium will decay into Argon in 130 million years. By measuring the ratio of Potassium/Argon in the rock we should be able to calculate the age of the rock from the time when the lava crystallized.

In theory this all sounds quite plausible, but what we find upon examination of this dating method is that several assumptions are taken rendering this radioisotope method unreliable and therefore invalid as well as all others that operate on the same basis. Here are a few of the assumptions that are taken for granted.
It is assumed that the argon (daughter isotope) level is zero when the rock is formed.
The number of parent/daughter atoms has not been altered during the life of the rock except by radioactive decay.
The decay rate has always been constant.
These three pieces of information are not known when dating rocks. Furthermore, we will find out that the assumptions taken are usually based on the worldview that the earth is billions of years old.

“Several methods have been devised for estimating the age of the earth and its layers of rocks. These methods rely heavily on the assumption of uniformitarianism, i.e., natural processes have proceeded at relatively constant rates throughout the earth's history.” “It is obvious that radiometric techniques may not be the absolute dating methods that they are claimed to be. Age estimates on a given geological stratum by different radiometric methods are often quite different (sometimes by hundreds of millions of years). There is no absolutely reliable long-term radiological 'clock.'” (Stansfield, William D., The Science of Evolution (New York: Macmillan, 1977), pp. 80-81).
Furthermore, these methods have been proven absolutely fallible when rocks of a known age have been dated using these methods. Tests have been done on the rocks of volcano's that we know have recently erupted and they have been given dates that are astronomically inconsistent with the absolute date.
Sunset Crater in Northern Arizona was formed in 1065AD: Dated 200,000 + years
Lava flows at Mt. Ngaurhoe in New Zealand were formed in 1949, 1954, & 1975: Dated at 275,000 years
Hualalai basalt in Hawaii was formed in 1801: Dated 1.4-22 million years old
Mt. Etna basalt in Sicily was formed in 1972: Dated 140,000 – 350,000
Mt St. Helens erupted in 1980: Dated 300,000 years old
Diamonds from Zaire: Dated at 6 billion years old (Note: earth is supposedly only 4.6 billion years old)
Even among evolutionists there is the recognition that these radiometric dating methods are all unreliable. Consider the following quotes:
“If all of the age-dating methods (rubidium-strontium, uranium-lead and potassium-argon) had yielded the same ages, the picture would be neat. But they haven't.” (Driscoll, Everly, “Dating of Moon Samples: Pitfalls and Paradoxes,” Science News , vol. 101 (January 1, 1972), pp. 12-14.)

“In conventional interpretation of K-Ar age data, it is common to discard ages which are substantially too high or too low compared with the rest of the group or with other available data such as the geological time scale. The discrepancies between the rejected and the accepted are arbitrarily attributed to excess or loss of argon.” (Hayatsu, A., “K-Ar Isochron Age of the North Mountain Basalt, Nova Scotia,” Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences , vol. 16 (April 1979), p. 974.)

“In general, dates in the 'correct ball park' are assumed to be correct and are published, but those in disagreement with other data are seldom published nor are discrepancies fully explained.” (R.L. Mauger)

“The age of our globe is presently thought to be some 4.5 billion years, based on radio decay rates of uranium and thorium. Such 'confirmation' may be short-lived, as nature is not to be discovered quite so easily. There has been in recent years the horrible realization that radio decay rates are not as constant as previously thought, nor are they immune to environmental influences. And this could mean that the atomic clocks are reset during some global disaster, and events which brought the Mesozoic to a close may not be 65 million years ago but, rather, within the age of memory of man.” (Frederic B. Jueneman “Secular Catastrophism”. Industrial Research and Development. June 1982. p. 21.)

“Then as now, peer review can represent the tyranny of the majority. I have run the peer-review gauntlet perhaps a hundred times. My papers describing and interpreting geology in more or less conventional terms progressed smoothly, whereas publication of my manuscripts challenging accepted concepts has often been impeded, and occasionally blocked.” (W. B. Hamilton, “Archean Tectonics and Magmatism”, International Geology Review , 1998, p. 3.)
One more note the reader should be aware of is that fossils are not found in volcanic (igneous) rock, they are found in sedimentary rock, which the radioisotope methods cannot date. If carbon dating cannot be used to date the rocks and other radioisotope methods cannot be used to date the fossils, how then do evolutionists date the rocks? Here is where the Geologic Column comes into view.

The Geologic Column

Before dating techniques were created, the belief that the earth was millions of years old was already introduced. This thought was based on the philosophy of Uniformitarianism, which was first proposed by James Hutton when he presented his uniformitarian principle in his papers to the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 1785. He stating that the rock layers observed all around the earth were laid down slowly over long periods of time. The lower layers of rock were then thought to be hundreds of millions of years older than the upper layers.

This uniformitarian philosophy afterward gave rise to Darwinian Evolution when Charles Darwin extended the principle of uniformity to the plant and animal kingdoms. This proposal was then illustrated in the Geologic Column, also known as the Geologic Time Scale .


When the artists created the Geologic Time Scale, it gave the appearance of evolution happening over geologic time, with marine invertebrates on the bottom working their way up to man at the top. But when one looks at the finer details, the true picture represented is that of distinct kinds, some that are extinct and some that are living today. Any changes we may see are always on a horizontal level within a kind (example: many varieties of cats), or on a downward level due to mutations and extinctions (contrary to evolutions upward demands).

Within the rock layers are found fossils, and it is “believed” that some of these fossils were very early forms of life that became extinct a long time ago. The fossils found in these layers then became the means of determining the age of the rocks. Likewise, the rocks were then used to date the fossils.

Opponents of this philosophy insist that this is circular reasoning and no scientific method at all, but in all reality is what evolutionary scientists choose to “believe”.

“The intelligent layman has long suspected circular reasoning in the use of rocks to date fossils and fossils to date rocks” (J.E. O'Rourke, "American Journal of Science," 1976, 276:51).
The World Book Encyclopedia (1978) in its article titled “Fossils” states,
“Scientists determine when fossils were formed by finding out the ages of the rocks in which they lie.”
But the same encyclopedia, under its heading “Paleontology” says,
“The age of the rocks may be determined by the fossils found in them.”
This circular reasoning is also presented in museums abroad such as The Museum of Geology in Rapid City, South Dakota.

Sadly, many point to the Geologic Column as the final proof of Evolution. Dr. Henry Morris of ICR points out, “It is not uncommon under this system to find many rock systems “out-of-place” in the column—that is, “old” rocks overlying “young” rocks, fossils from different “ages” together, entire ages missing, etc. When such anomalies are encountered, imaginary earth movements or other geologic phenomena must be postulated to account for them. All of this creative thinking is necessary under the false assumption that the evolutionary ages of geologic history really existed at all.”

For more information see:
DOES THE GEOLOGIC COLUMN PROVE EVOLUTION?
TEN MISCONCEPTIONS ABOUT THE GEOLOGIC COLUMN

Conclusion

The Devil has been “a liar” from the beginning; in fact, he is called “the father” (John 8:44) of lies. He is “more subtle” (Genesis 3:1) than any creature, and from the beginning till this present time he has tempted man saying, “Yea, hath God said” (Genesis 3:1)? In his bag of lies he has Evolution, which he is using to deceive many, turning their hearts from the truth of Gods Word.

The Devil, we are told, “decieveth the whole world” (Revelation 12:9), and he has many agents who are “deceiving and being deceived” (2 Timothy 3:13).

But Jesus solemnly warned us, “Take heed that ye be not deceived” (Luke 21:8)... “Be sober, be vigilant; because your adversary the devil, as a roaring lion, walketh about, seeking whom he may devour” (1 Peter 5:8) ... “Prove all things” (1Thessalonians 5:21)... “Be ready always to give an answer to every man” (1Peter 3:15)... “Know how ye ought to answer every man” (Colossians 4:6)… “And that, knowing the time, that now it is high time to awake out of sleep: for now is our salvation nearer than when we believed” (Romans 13:11).

If we look back to our original question, “Does the fossil record prove evolution?” We must respond with a firm No! The fossil record was formed primarily during the Great Flood (Genesis 6-9), when “the world that then was, being overflowed with water, perished” (2Peter 3:6). When we look at the fossil record, we should be reminded of the awfulness of sin, and the holiness of God who judged man's rebellion. We should understand that “by one man [Adam] sin entered the world, and death by sin.”

Death entered the world by sin! But to the contrary, the theory of Evolution starts with dead matter, and through Evolution life came to be. However, in our present day we see no dead matter coming to life. Today the real observable evidence is that life comes from Life and ultimately, we MUST declare that all things come from the Living God.

In the beginning God had created all things in six 24-hour days and on the seventh day He rested. On that day He pronounced that everything was “very good”. Therefore, the sin, suffering, and death that we see today are intruders and not an initial part of God's “very good” creation. Because of sin “the whole creation groaneth and travaileth in pain together until now” (Romans 8:22).

When we see sedimentary rocks containing billions of dead plants, animals and people, we must conclude that these things happened sometime after the creation week.

But God is not going to allow these intruders to continue forever. Death, sin and suffering will eventually be banished when He makes the new heavens and earth (Revelation 21:1-5). The whole Creation shall one day “be delivered from the bondage of corruption” (Romans 8:21).

If we believe God's account of Creation, there is no way that millions of years can fit into the equation. The Bible demands a young earth, but some have compromised with Evolution suggesting that each day of Creation could represent millions of years (“Day Age” theory). But, there is no evidence in context of Genesis chapter one that the word “day” means anything but a literal solar day.

The Hebrew word ( yom ) that is translated “day” is specifically defined by God as the daylight period in the sequence of day and night the very first time it is used (Genesis 1:5). God Himself unequivocally confirmed in the fourth Commandment (Exodus 31:18) that He had made everything in heaven and earth in six days—days that were the same kind of days as man's days.

Furthermore, the Lord Jesus Christ clearly affirmed in Mark 10:6 that “from the beginning of the creation God made them male and female”, not 4.6 billion years after the beginning of the Creation! The very concept of billions of years of a groaning and travailing creation (Romans 8:22) with animals suffering and dying during the long geologic ages before God could get around to creating man in His own image, is an insult to a loving, omniscient, omnipotent God. Death, under such a concept, is not “the wages of sin” as the Bible says (Romans 6:23), but the method of “creation”, as evolutionists claim, through Natural Selection and the Survival of the Fittest.

Death (separation from God) is the payment for sin. But God our Creator is love, and He provided the payment for sin with the sacrifice of His Son. Because mankind is infected with sin, He desires to save us and mold us anew. We are like a blemished vessel in the potter's hand. “And the vessel that he made of clay was marred in the hand of the potter: so he made it again another vessel, as seemed good to the potter to make it” (Jeremiah 18:4).

Jesus described salvation like this, saying, “Ye must be born again” (John 3:7). He clarified this by saying, “as Moses lifted up the serpent in the wilderness, even so must the Son of man be lifted up: That whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have eternal life. For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life. For God sent not his Son into the world to condemn the world; but that the world through him might be saved. He that believeth on him is not condemned: but he that believeth not is condemned already, because he hath not believed in the name of the only begotten Son of God” (John 3:14-18).

Peter explained it like this, “Being born again, not of corruptible seed, but of incorruptible, by the word of God, which liveth and abideth for ever. For all flesh is as grass, and all the glory of man as the flower of grass. The grass withereth, and the flower thereof falleth away: But the word of the Lord endureth for ever. And this is the word which by the gospel is preached unto you” (1Peter 1:23-25).

Ever since sin entered the world, man has been born of corruptible seed, infected with sin. As the grass, we soon wither away. Like the whole creation, we are under the bondage of decay. As Paul reminded us, “the wages of sin is death” (Romans 6:23). But Jesus Christ came into the world to save sinners and has redeemed us, “not with corruptible things, as silver and gold … But with the precious blood of Christ, as of a lamb without blemish and without spot … Who by him do believe in God, that raised him up from the dead, and gave him glory; that your faith and hope might be in God” (1Peter 1:18-19, 21).

Only by FAITH can we be reconciled with God when we have a change of mind, believing that “Christ died for our sins … and that he rose again” (1Corinthians 15:1-4). When man, by faith, looks to Christ on Calvary's cross, believing on HIM, he is placed “in Christ”. HIS death becomes our death, so too, HIS Life becomes ours. This is good news for mankind. This is the “gospel”.

From this time, the Spirit of Christ indwells the believer and begins His work from within, transforming the new believer into the “same image” (2 Corinthians 3:18) of Christ. “Therefore if any man be in Christ, he is a new creature: old things are passed away; behold, all things are become new” (2 Corinthians 5:17).

The Lord Jesus Christ “gave himself for us, that he might redeem us from all iniquity, and to purify unto himself a peculiar people, zealous of good works” (Titus 2:14). We are now “his workmanship, created in Christ Jesus unto good works, which God hath before ordained that we should walk in them” (Ephesians 2:10). We ought then to “put off concerning the former conversation the old man, which is corrupt according to the deceitful lusts; And be renewed in the spirit of your mind; And that ye put on the new man, which after God is created in righteousness and true holiness” (Ephesians 4:22-24).

But, if we receive not the gift of God's beloved Son, and “sin willfully after that we have received the knowledge of the truth, there remaineth no more sacrifice for sins, But a certain fearful looking for of judgment and fiery indignation, which shall devour the adversaries. He that despised Moses' law died without mercy under two or three witnesses: Of how much sorer punishment, suppose ye, shall he be thought worthy, who hath trodden under foot the Son of God, and hath counted the blood of the covenant, wherewith he was sanctified, an unholy thing, and hath done despite unto the Spirit of grace?” (Hebrews 10:26-29)

“How shall we escape, if we neglect so great salvation …” (Hebrews 2:3)?

Last Update: 3/12/2009

1-15 of 449 Comments
Claudio Silvaggi
August 09, 2018 - 07:39

Again, great work Noel. You have done a lot of research.

If you look up etymology of the word destroy, you will find the Italian version distruggere

https://www.etymonline.com/search?qdistruggere

pulling apart that word in di - struggere you have

di- origin
struggere- to melt or liquify

The great flood of light / water is the purification of our souls. When we all get aboard the Arc we ascend leaving our material world behind with an everlasting mark, where the Mark, a proverbial hologram/holygram, testament to there is no such thing as time.

Ian – Canada
July 28, 2017 - 10:44

How do we explain the fact that, after the flood, marsupials and only marsupials ended up in Australia? Did all the kangaroos, wallabies, echidnas, koalas, platypuses, wombats and Tasmanian devils (along with emus and taipan snakes), walk or crawl en mass all the way from Mt Ararat across Asia to Australia without ANY stopping along the way? Makes no sense. Easier to visualize a mammalian ancestor being split into two populations with the breakup of Pangea with Australian members evolving into present day marsupials and others becoming placental. Timing is about right, albeit using evil radiometric dating for continental breakup and the spotty fossil record for mammalian evolution.

Reply to Ian
S.MacLaren – London
July 28, 2017 - 13:28

Hi Ian, I feel should point out that there are plenty of marsupials in the Americas, as well as Australasia / South East Asia. So, as you say, plenty stopped along the way (and went in all directions since the Flood), no doubt in a relatively short time. However, do not forget that sea levels fell away and land masses rose, as is evidenced of course by the isolation of the Australiasian islands, the enormous cliffs of sedimentary rock supplying us with abundant evidence of the Deluvian period, all around the world, where once these were submerged after the sediments were laid down in just a few years or less in some areas. Then of course there is strong evidence of many mountain ranges being built in a few hundred or perhaps a thousand years, otherwise there would be no SEDIMENTARY ROCK remaining on tops of the Himalaya and European Alpes (and full of common PRESENT DAY and some extinct spp of marine life), as it would all have been eroded away in a few million years based on current erosion rates!

Much has happened that we are only now beginning to understand even the evidence for. The anti-flood uniformatarian model of geology have no way of explaining what we actually find in the rocks, without assuming millions of years.

About marsupials: I personally believe that its perfectly possible that there are no marsupials in temperate countries and Africa due to marsupials being easy food for carnivores and of course their need for rain forest habitat and savannah in the majority. This is only opinion, but as evolution from simple to complex is completely impossible, there is an explanation that fits the Bible's account of the spread of life after the flood, and there are folks working on clarifying it. As to why there are no large carnivores in Australia (except crocodiles in some salty creeks, not inland): I do not know, but there are a number of possibilities. However, the evo-hypothesis is not satisfactory from a scientitic point of view for Australia either; we might just as well ask why there are NO CARNIVORES in Australia except the dingo which is actually an omnivore? The evolutionist's story on that one is "they didn't evolve there". But perhaps they never made it there before the Australian continent was separated, or perhaps they did, but died out due to survival pressures. The 'did not make it there seems more likely, as there are no carnivores in Papua New Guinea either, but a few in Borneo, and some in Malasia e.g. water cats with webbed feet! Wonderful adaptation of the cats has occurred almost wherever we look.

By the way, it is best not to use the terms 'radioactive' and 'dating' in the same sentence. The two are not related by any known scientific method, but only an relative age in estimated half-lives is actually possible to state. Calibration of any radio-isotope decay rate is not possible with what appear today to be half lives of millions of years. This does NOT mean that the we should assume those millions of years, when all the other evidence for a relatively young Earth is staring us in the face. No macro evolution (only adaptation) is the most obvious thing.

Reply to Ian
S.MacLaren – London
July 28, 2017 - 13:53

... and there were marsupials in Europe, once, along with hippo, elephant, and other beasts which must have looked very fine prowling up and down the river systems. See:
http://www2.cnrs.fr/en/1605.htm?debut=136&theme1=6

Ian – Canada
June 28, 2017 - 14:20

Just found an interesting reference on the Hualalai lava flow age date. The lava did not date at 1.4-22My but rather the xenoliths or inclusions of mantle olivine which the lava carried up from depth which could be any age. The purpose of the dating was to test the method on "cooked" inclusions, not date the lava which, incidently, came back as zero. "Radiogenic Helium and Argon in Ultramafic Inclusions from Hawaii, J.G. Funkhouser and J.J. Naughton, Journal of Geophysical Research 73:14 pp. 4601-4607 (15 July 1968)" I also found an article which claims that the K-Ar method used to date Mt St Helens (and gave a 300,000 year age) is generally accepted as being inappropriate for such young rocks in that there is virtually no daughter product Ar to measure. Several suggestions are made as to why the bad date was produced, including lab contamination because the lab in question normally tested much older rocks (ie high Ar) and/or exotic xenocrysts included in the sample. Further I see that over 180 samples of fallout material produced by the K-T meteorite impact which were taken from 5 locations around the world and dated by 5 different radiometric methods at 5 different laboratories all produced dates of about 65 million years, +/-1%. I think we have to be fair and qualify each of these occasional decrepancies with possible explanations as to why the numbers are problematic, not just blanket discredit the whole radiometric dating method.

Reply to Ian
Noel
June 29, 2017 - 06:39

It seems that you are really stuck on the fallible radiometric dating methods that all take into account assumptions. They do not know if the decay rate was always constant, they do not know the original amounts of parent or daughter isotopes. Neither do they know if there was any addition or subtraction going on during the "millions" of years that would have affected the end result. Here is a brief video clip, although dealing with radio carbon dating, would apply to all radiometric dating method: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0A2ZczkIMaA

I was going to forward you some other stuff, but I think there is enough evidence in the world alone for the Creator, that I think I will leave it there. The evolutionary hypothesis has been debunked time and again, but they keep coming up with "new" evidence, which will also be debunked, and not mentioned in short time. Humanity, in every generation, always thinks that they are the pinnacle of intelligence and knowledge, and looking back, they view their predecessors as a bunch of cavemen. A Scripture comes to mind:

"For the preaching of the cross is to them that perish foolishness; but unto us which are saved it is the power of God. For it is written, I will destroy the wisdom of the wise, and will bring to nothing the understanding of the prudent. Where is the wise? where is the scribe? where is the disputer of this world? hath not God made foolish the wisdom of this world? For after that in the wisdom of God the world by wisdom knew not God, it pleased God by the foolishness of preaching to save them that believe. For the Jews require a sign, and the Greeks seek after wisdom: But we preach Christ crucified, unto the Jews a stumblingblock, and unto the Greeks foolishness; But unto them which are called, both Jews and Greeks, Christ the power of God, and the wisdom of God. Because the foolishness of God is wiser than men; and the weakness of God is stronger than men. For ye see your calling, brethren, how that not many wise men after the flesh, not many mighty, not many noble, are called: But God hath chosen the foolish things of the world to confound the wise; and God hath chosen the weak things of the world to confound the things which are mighty; And base things of the world, and things which are despised, hath God chosen, yea, and things which are not, to bring to nought things that are: That no flesh should glory in his presence. But of him are ye in Christ Jesus, who of God is made unto us wisdom, and righteousness, and sanctification, and redemption: That, according as it is written, He that glorieth, let him glory in the Lord." (1 Corinthians 2:18-31)

It is expedient for you to search out this matter diligently as time is so short. Life twill soon be past. So take heed while you can, for "he hath appointed a day, in the which he will judge the world in righteousness by that man whom he hath ordained; whereof he hath given assurance unto all men, in that he hath raised him from the dead." (Acts 17:31)

Ian – Canada
June 26, 2017 - 15:56

How do you fit the glaciation of half of North America, Asia and Europe into a 6000 old Earth? It must postdate the Flood but predate human settlement. Pretty fast advance and retreat!

Reply to Ian
Noel
June 27, 2017 - 06:57

That is a question that I had, and found very satisfactory answers, which I wrote a book on, (which I would send you free of charge if you email me your address). It began with some research on the phenomenon of the pyramids that are found around the world. The short answer is that they all came from a common origin, which is mentioned in the Bible in the story of the Tower of Babel which postdated the Flood.

But there are several technical publications, which I have in my library, that deal with this very issue, by Dr. Larry Vardiman and Dr. Michel Oard. But a brief summary would go like this. The whole world before the Flood was a tropical paradise. The evidence presents the possibility of this case. Just north of where I live, there is a Bay called Coral Harbor, above the arctic circle, where fossilized coral can be found in abundance. Fossil palm trees in Alaska. Mummified giant redwoods found in Nunavut above the arctic circle. None of these live there now, but show that the Northern Hemisphere was at one time tropical. I believe coral needs 20 Celcius to grow. The waters of the world would have been way warmer than they are now.

But when the world wide mountain covering flood happen in the days of Noah, we are told, "all the fountains of the great deep broken up, and the windows of heaven were opened." (Genesis 7:11) There was a catastrophe that was unparallel to anything we have ever seen or could imagine. The mantle of the earth was shattered like a broken egg, and many of the sub terranean aquifers, along with volcanic activity filled the surface with water and the atmosphere with aerosols causing a "nuclear winter". Note, there are still many aquifers that exist today, and there are over 50,000 dormant sea mounts found throughout the oceans of the world.

The fossil record has been hijacked by the Darwinians, but is the real record of this great catastrophe. Billions of dead things laid down in rock layers all over the earth. The sediments that precipitated out of the Flood waters buried all things rapidly, preserving them in a most beautiful state, from scavengers and oxidization.

But when the waters receded, when the land masses were lifted up, the waters went down to the place God prepared for them in the oceans of the world, miles of sedimentary layers were left behind, still pliable, but eventually solidified into the miles thick water born sedimentary layers all over the earth which now bear the fossil record.

Now, we have oceans that are tremendously warmer than they are now, We have an atmosphere full of aerosols. It would not be hard to imagine how this could produce tremendous amounts of snowfall in the northern and southern latitudes. Summers would not be warm enough to melt the snow packs and would build up until an equilibrium was met, when the oceans were cooled off. This was the real cause of the ice age. Much of the waters would be trapped now in miles thick of ice sheets, an Ice Age, that I believe we are still coming out of, to some degree (contrary to the climate change farce, just one more reason for the elite to tax us to death). With lower ocean levels due to much of the water trapped in the miles thick ice sheets, land bridges would have been formed, say over the Bering Straight, which would have allowed for travel to the remotest parts of the earth from the Middle East.

As things began to warm up, the snow packs would have started to melt, in many cases, forming great inland lakes, which some, having breached their ridges, rapidly cut canyons through the sedimentary strata, such as the Grand Canyon, revealing their strata with fossils. There is evidence that strata, as you probably well know, which can be formed in hours and days, not over millions of years. When I observe the geology around the world, the canyons, the scablands, the "dry falls" etc, I see this as remnants of a great global Flood and Ice age that followed it.

This is all, of course over simplified, but more technical data can be found in creationist scientist writings such as, An Ice age Caused by the Flood", or "Seafloor sediments and the Flood" etc. To me it fits perfectly with what I see in this young earth. Evolutionists do not believe in a young earth and a world wide Flood, they believe in an uninterrupted continuum since the time of the Big Bang. God has spoken to this well, listen: "Knowing this first, that there shall come in the last days scoffers, walking after their own lusts, And saying, Where is the promise of his coming? for since the fathers fell asleep, all things continue as they were from the beginning of the creation. For this they willingly are ignorant of, that by the word of God the heavens were of old, and the earth standing out of the water and in the water: Whereby the world that then was, being overflowed with water, perished" (2 Peter 3:3-6)
cont...

Reply to Ian
Noel
June 27, 2017 - 06:58

This recent theory of uniformitarianism, this continuation, that is "the present is the key to the past" theory, God said would arise in the last days, and men would scoff with their alternative view of the universe, trying to throw their Maker in the trash can. But God interrupted this continuum, His creation, because of the wickedness of man, in the Days of Noah, with a worldwide mountain covering Flood.

Psalm 2 seems so pertinent to the days in which we are living. "Why do the heathen rage, and the people imagine a vain thing? The kings of the earth set themselves, and the rulers take counsel together, against the LORD, and against his anointed, saying, Let us break their bands asunder, and cast away their cords from us. He that sitteth in the heavens shall laugh: the Lord shall have them in derision." (Psalm 2:1-4, read whole Psalm for context and end result).

Reply to Ian
Ian – Canada
June 28, 2017 - 11:50

Thanks Noel. There are preserved glacial sediments (tillites, varved sediments, dropstones, etc) at several intervals in the geologic section suggesting that the Earth has experienced widescale glaciation again and again. I have not read John Morris' book but watched his lecture "The Young Earth" which I found disappointed in that more supporting evidence was not given. His opening pronouncement that evolutionists use time as a cure all or magic wand to get where they want to go is cute given that creationists have their own'divine' magic wand. It was interesting to learn that there is some discrepancy as to the age of the Earth between various biblical texts ranging from 6000-10,000 years. His 'bending' of the Tapeats sandstone looks to be simple ductile deformation to me and its very large areal coverage is not surprising given that in Cambrian times that area (now western US and Canada) was a continental shelf extending from an eroding Laurentia under the Panthalassic Ocean. His problem with radiometric dating (ie radio dates older than historical dates) may be explained if we knew what mineral was actually dated. Some minerals crystallize in the magma chamber well before actual eruption. I still think if two independent and different isotopic pairs (U-Pb, Ar-Ar) deliver the same date within 1% then it is highly probable that they are reliable. 1% of 250 million years is only 2.5 million which may also be a function of magma fractionation processes (zircon vs sanidine crystallization). I am enjoying this exchange. Unfortunately I was born with only one brain and find it very difficult to jump between an objective, evidence-based decision-making process which allows me to do my job and function day to day and a blind faith in something that I cannot see, hear or make any contact with. I have been to many places mentioned in the Bible (Jerusalem, Bethlehem, Sinai, Mt Ararat, Jordan River, Mt Nebo, etc) so appreciate the geographic and historical context in which it was written. I also know that humans seem to have an innate need to explain what they see and experience. We see that in every culture, old and new. Distinctive landmarks in the Outback were, according to Aboriginal Australians, put there by the 'rainbow serpent'. The sun was delivered to the sky by a huge bird, according to Northwest native tribes. A hammer caused lightning and thunder, according to the Norse. Pre-Christian European and Middle-eastern cultures all had their own explanations for what they observed in the physical world. I see Genesis as another similar attempt. We have very little information on the credibility, motives or sobriety of the writer or writers. And using one passage in the Bible to verify or confirm another passage is a bit like having a defense lawyer also serve as the trial judge. At least evolution-doubters are not treated as harshly as Bible-doubters have been in the past. One further thought. If God is all-powerful and all-knowing including how things began and how they will end, what is the point of it all? I have enjoyed our discussion.

Ian – Canada
June 22, 2017 - 10:38

How do we reconcile with a "young earth" the layering in the ice caps of Antarctica and Greenland which, by coring, we see annual layers extending back to 800,000 years? Or varved sediments which have annual depositional layers that extend back over 50,000 years? As for gaps in the fossil record, what about "gaps" in the biblical record such as: how did we come about when Adam and Eve had only sons?

Reply to Ian
Noel
June 25, 2017 - 05:44

Hi Ian, Good questions. Ice layer dating is largely based on one's interpretation of the data, and evolutionists, having been duped by the greatest hoax this world has ever known, are forced by their uniformitarian schooling to force the data into their mindset. It would be better if they would dump their theory altogether and face the facts.

Some assumptions that are taken is that snowfall rates have been the same in the past as they are today. Which, from a Biblical perspective, would have been much higher after the Flood, which was the main cause of the Ice Age. Also, they have counted each layer as an annual layer rather than a multiple of layers laid down each year by each successive snow storm.

Then there is the bombers that were abandon on the Greenland Ice Shelf during WWII and found 50 years later under 250 feet of ice, which translates to about 5 feet of ice per year. The Ice sheet on Greenland is about 3000 meters thick, and simple division would make the Ice Sheet only about 1000 years old. But it is not quite that simple, and there are technical details that are too long to post here, but you can read a few Creation Scientists reviews here: www.icr.org/article/120/390 www.icr.org/article/355/390

The argument against varved layers is similar to the assumptions taken in the ice core uniformitarian interpretation of the data. Read here for a more detailed answer: www.icr.org/article/refuting-biologos-do-japanese-lake

Not sure where you get your data on the offspring of Adam and Eve. They had many sons and daughters. "And the days of Adam after he had begotten Seth were eight hundred years: and he begat sons and daughters" (Genesis 5:4).

Reply to Ian
Ian – Canada
June 26, 2017 - 12:10

There has been good correlation and agreement between ice core dates and interbedded volcanic ash layers which have been dated by other (radiometric) methods. Quite a coincidence. Many of your references which describe problems with radiometric dating are several decades old. Much has been done to perfect the technique in recent years. For example, recent dating of the Siberian traps (251 million years) and the Deccan traps (65My) by both U-Pb and Ar-Ar methods agree within 1%. Again quite a coincidence if one assumes isotope half lives have not been constant over time. My problem with the Bible is that it is its own authority. What do we really know about the credibility of who actually wrote it. I would like to see some non-Biblical hard evidence that supports a 6000 year age for the earth. And oops! Thanks for the reference to Adam and Eve having daughters as well. Hmmmm!

Reply to Ian
Noel
June 27, 2017 - 06:03

When looking at the physical universe, we find that there are two models for our existence. The evolutionary model, where nothing created everything, and the Creation model, where an intelligent Designer created all things. Both take faith to believe, as none living today were there in the beginning to see what really happened. The Bible claims, that an Almighty Creator God created. "Through faith we understand that the worlds were framed by the word of God, so that things which are seen were not made of things which do appear." (Hebrews 11:3) Uniformitarianism postulates that all things continue as they were from the beginning, ever since the "Big Bang". In my experience, "Big Bangs" do not create life, they destroy it. You need great faith to believe otherwise.

Any radiometric dating method is based on assumptions. It is not real science. Even the two dates you mention that are "only 1% off from each other" is still over 20 million years. Do you know how long that is. They may agree within 1%, you might as well say they both agree to be wrong. And a few years from now, as time has shown within evolutionary postulations, they will have come up with "new and improved" theories, saying that the old were outdated and incorrect. Read "Icons of Evolution" to see how much stuff fills the garbage can every year from the evolutionary "facts".

Now you may be worried about the authority of the Bible, why not Darwin? At least the Bible, where it can be shown, is 100% accurate concerning people, places, events, archaeology, scientific insights, and all of history. The only thing that unbelievers question is the origins mentioned in the first few chapters of Genesis. Now you may want to believe fallible men who make mistakes every day, but God claims in the Bible that He would preserve His Word (Psalm 12:6-7). He may have used fallible men, but stated, "Knowing this first, that no prophecy of the scripture is of any private interpretation. For the prophecy came not in old time by the will of man: but holy men of God spake as they were moved by the Holy Ghost." (2 Peter 1:20-21) So the prophet could say, "The Spirit of the LORD spake by me, and his word was in my tongue." (2 Samuel 23:2)

We are told, all Scripture is given by inspiration from God (2 Timothy 3:16). And at the same time, Peter would say, "For we have not followed cunningly devised fables, when we made known unto you the power and coming of our Lord Jesus Christ, but were eyewitnesses of his majesty." (2 Peter 1:16) Luke began his gospel saying, "Forasmuch as many have taken in hand to set forth in order a declaration of those things which are most surely believed among us, Even as they delivered them unto us, which from the beginning were eyewitnesses, and ministers of the word; It seemed good to me also, having had perfect understanding of all things from the very first, to write unto thee in order" (Luke 1:1-3)

These were eye witnesses and recorded with Divine direction, that which would make up the 66 books of the Bible. Ultimately, for me anyway, is the infallible prophetic nature of the Scripture where God says, "Remember the former things of old: for I am God, and there is none else; I am God, and there is none like me, Declaring the end from the beginning, and from ancient times the things that are not yet done, saying, My counsel shall stand, and I will do all my pleasure" (Isaiah 46:9-10)

Might I add, you do not have any "hard evidence" that a Big explosion, that came out of who knows where, and was caused by who know what, billions of years ago, and that "it" created all the intricacies of this finely tuned universe, that "appear" to be wonderfully designed, as evidenced by its laws, dna blueprints, symbiosis, etc, etc. But if you are really wanting "evidence" for the age of the earth, look up "The Young Earth" by geologist J. D. Morris, for dozens of methods of dating (which still use assumptions like radiometric dating), that show the earth as being young.

Peregrine – Earth
March 21, 2017 - 15:40

How can people even trick themselves into believing this nonsensical madness? Generations of the future will be taught evolution and know that anyone who claims that the earth was made in 24 hours and is just 6000 years old is utterly misguided. Soon, everyone will realize the truth and leave behind this garbage.

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